There are domain names of different levels. They differ in functionality and peculiarities of work. Each combination in the address bar serves a different purpose. Let's take a closer look at what a top-level domain is.
Specifics of addresses
A domain is a unique sequence of letters and numbers, fixed in the browser's address bar. The combination can consist of letters of the Latin and Cyrillic alphabets. Different names have different zones of validity.
If the name is spelled in Russian letters, search engines convert them into a code. Coding is done with the help of the Punycode converter. Its base includes 37 symbols for decoding. They include letters of the Latin alphabet and digits from 0 to 9. The hyphen is also used.
Domain levels
The address of the site represents the main resource and the additional subdomains assigned to it. They are separated by dots. One name combines several subdomains. For example, Yandex products are stored on the domain yandex.ru. The entry is separated by a dot. This indicates that yandex is a subdomain. Meanwhile, .ru is the zone of action, a top-level domain.
A "google" page cannot exist without being bound to a specific .de domain zone. The address must necessarily look like this: google.de.
A list of top-level domains as well as information about other name categories is stored on a DNS server. The user acquires the address and registers it in the system before launching.
First-level domains
Such names are also referred to as domain zones. This is a common name that indicates the territorial and thematic belonging of the resource. Three types of domains of the 1st level are distinguished:
- Territorial or national. Names that define the territory of action and national belonging of the resource. For Ukraine it will be the zone .ua. For Belarus, .by. For Kazakhstan, the national zone is .kz. Germany has the .de zone.
- Common international. Addresses identical for the whole world. This includes the following zones: .info, .name, .biz, .org, .com.
- New top-level domains. Names that define the direction of the project, its thematic specificity, scope of activity internationally. For sites devoted to creative activities, leisure: .photography, .art. In the field of education, .edu is used. Travel agencies, companies create sites .travel. Portals dedicated to business and financial operations use services: .finance, .money, etc.
Registration of the first-level domain takes place with the participation of authorized organizations.
Second level
This includes names that can be purchased and used by anyone for various purposes. The specificity of such a name is that the sequence of characters in the address bar must be unique. The user has the right to register a name in any domain zone.
When choosing a name, it is worth considering the specifics of your resource. The letter combination should be easy to read and memorize. If you cannot come up with a unique name yourself, you can use special selection services.
Third level
Addresses of the third and subsequent levels are assigned to the name of the second category. The owner of the site can create a large number of addresses on the basis of the main name. Such addresses do not need to be purchased. Only the service of the second category needs to be paid for and renewed.
Domain names allow you to identify resources in the vastness of the Internet. These are unique combinations with which sites are entered into a single registry of names. Top-level domain names indicate the geographical affiliation of the page or the thematic focus of the resource. This helps the user to determine the specifics of the site before he goes to it.