There are domain names of different levels. They differ in their functions and in how they work. Each combination in the address bar serves a different purpose. Let's take a closer look at what a top-level domain is.
Specifics of addresses
A domain is a unique sequence of letters and numbers, fixed in the browser's address bar. The combination can consist of letters of the Latin and Cyrillic alphabets. Names are registered in different domain zones.
If the name is spelled in Russian letters, browsers convert them into a code. Encoding is done by the Punycode converter. Its base includes 37 characters for decoding. They include letters of the Latin alphabet and digits from 0 to 9. The hyphen is also used.
Domain levels
The address of the site represents the main resource and the additional subdomains assigned to it. They are separated by dots. One name combines several levels. For example, Yandex products are hosted on the domain yandex.ru. The entry is separated by a dot. This indicates that yandex is a second-level domain, while .ru is the domain zone, a top-level domain.
A "google" page cannot exist without being bound to a specific domain zone, such as .de. The address must necessarily look like this: google.de.
A list of top-level domains as well as information about other name categories is stored on a DNS server. The user acquires the address and registers it in the system before launching the site.
First-level domains
Such names are also referred to as domain zones. This is a common name that indicates the geographic or thematic affiliation of the resource. There are three types of top-level domains:
- Territorial or national. Names that define the region and national affiliation of the resource. For Ukraine it will be the zone .ua. For Belarus, .by. For Kazakhstan, the national zone is .kz. Germany has the .de zone.
- Common international. Addresses identical for the whole world. This includes the following zones: .info, .name, .biz, .org, .com.
- New top-level domains. Names that define the direction of the project, its thematic specificity, scope of activity internationally. For sites devoted to creative activities, leisure: .photography, .art. In education, .education is used. Travel agencies and companies create sites in the .travel zone. Portals dedicated to business and financial operations use the .finance, .money and other zones.
Registration of the first-level domain takes place with the participation of authorized organizations.
Second level
This includes names that can be purchased and used by anyone for various purposes. The specificity of such a name is that the sequence of characters in the address bar must be unique. The user has the right to register a name in any domain zone.
When choosing a name, it is worth considering the specifics of your resource. The letter combination should be easy to read and memorize. If you cannot come up with a unique name yourself, you can use special selection services.
Third level
Addresses of the third and subsequent levels are attached to the second-level name. The site owner can create many addresses based on the main name. Such addresses do not need to be purchased. Only the second-level domain needs to be paid for and renewed.
Domain names allow you to identify resources in the vastness of the Internet. These are unique combinations with which sites are entered into a single registry of names. Top-level domain names indicate the geographical affiliation of the page or the thematic focus of the resource. This helps the user to determine the specifics of the site before he goes to it.